![]() This skill requires lots of practice, so start by practicing the technique on a table or your own leg.Īs a nurse, you need to become familiar with the expected percussion sounds so that you can identify what is normal and what is abnormal. To optimize this motion, the wrist of your dominant hand should be relaxed and loose with your forearm parallel to the person’s body. The motion should be firm and quick with a very short duration. The pleximeter finger of your dominant hand should be at a 90-degree angle to the surface of the body. Dominant hand: Flex (bend) the pleximeter finger of your dominant hand and with the tip of your finger, tap twice on the distal interphalangeal joint of your non dominant hand.Ensure that only your interphalangeal joint is touching the body (and not the rest of the hand) and that the finger is fully extended. Non-dominant hand: With your hand parallel to the body, place the distal interphalangeal joint of the pleximeter (middle) finger of your non-dominant hand firmly on the body region to percuss.The steps of this technique are as follows: Indirect percussion is often used to assess the lungs and the abdomen (e.g., bowels, bladder, liver). See Figure 1.8 demonstrating the technique of indirect percussion.įigure 1.8: Indirect percussion technique There are three approaches to percussion, but the most widely used is indirect percussion, which is the application of a mediated force using parts of both of your hands. Percussion can also help reveal the presence of masses, particularly if they are close to the surface of the body. Fluid filled (e.g., bladder and stomach).For example, the percussion sounds can tell you if the organ is: This concept also applies to the body.Įach body part that you percuss provides information about the consistency as well as the size and borders of the underlying structure. As you tap these surfaces, you can hear that each surface elicits a different sound based on the object’s consistency. ![]() ![]() Try tapping different surfaces with your fingertips and compare the sounds: a firm hard surface like a wood desk or table, a thick textbook, a window, or even a drum. doi: 10.1164/ involves tapping the body to elicit sounds and determining whether the sounds are appropriate for a particular organ or area of the body. A clinical index to define risk of asthma in young children with recurrent wheezing. ch 37.Ĭastro-Rodríguez J A, Holberg C J, Wright A L, Martinez F D. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. In: Walker H K, Hall W D, Hurst J W, editors. The global burden of respiratory disease. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Wheezing feature in lung sounds recorded by the RMA is more distinguishable than that recorded by a reference microphone with traditional flat sensitivity, and thus, the automatic classification accuracy of wheezing is higher with the lung sounds recorded by the RMA than with those by the reference microphone, when tested with deep learning algorithms on computer or with simple machine learning algorithms on low-power wireless chip set for wearable applications.Īcoustic transducer lung sounds classification piezoelectric MEMS microphone resonant microphone array wearable health sensor. Over 200-650 Hz, the unamplified sensitivities are between 35 and 265 mV Pa -1, while the SNRs are between 79 and 98 dBA. At the resonance frequencies, the unamplified sensitivities of the microphones in the RMA are between 86 and 265 mV Pa -1, while the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for 1 Pa sound pressure are between 86.6 and 98.0 dBA. The RMA is composed of eight width-stepped cantilever resonant microphones with Mel-distributed resonance frequencies from 230 to 630 Hz, the main frequency range of wheezing. This paper reports a highly sensitive piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonant microphone array (RMA) for detection and classification of wheezing in lung sounds.
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